导语：有些职场员工认为工作很难完成，即使花费了额外的工作时间也没有办法完成任务，其实这些都是工作效率低的表现。为了提高工作效率，人人才网小编搜集整理了8个有助于提高工作效率的小办法，希望能对你有所帮助。
1. Finish simple tasks 完成简单的任务
Always complete easy tasks, like reading a memo -- never switch between small projects. "The mind holds only about seven pieces of information at a time," says Carnegie Mellon psychologist David Creswell. "If you switch to other tasks, those pieces of information get scrambled and need to be relearned. It's a complete time waster." Bottom line: Don't try to do two simple tasks at once.
记得完成简单的任务，比如读便笺——绝对不要在简单的任务之间切换。“大脑一次最多可以保存七条信息，”卡耐基梅隆大学的心理学家大卫·克雷斯韦尔讲道。“如果你转而去做其他，这些已有信息被扰乱，就需要重新获取了。这纯属浪费时间。”底线是：不要试着一次去完成两项简单的任务。
2. Break up complex tasks 分解复杂的任务
Complex tasks like building a budget differ from simple ones: You can complete them more quickly and efficiently by breaking them up. Creswell found people who had to complete challenging tasks did so more effectively when they took a two-minute break and worked on something completely different -- for example, doing a crossword when trying to finish your taxes.
诸如做预算这样的复杂任务和简单任务不同：分解后，你可以更快速有效地完成。克雷斯韦尔发现当人们花两分钟时间的中断时间去做完全不同的事情时，可以更高效地完成挑战性的工作——比如，在结算税务的间歇做做填字游戏。
"Your brain is unconsciously processing information during distractor tasks, and it does a better job," Creswell says. "Even a two-minute period of checking email can have a beneficial effect." But note he's not advising multitasking here -- always learn the contours of a problem thoroughly before distracting yourself with a menial task for a few minutes. Also, choose something completely different from your main project. "The more distinct it is, the better," he says.
“当你转移注意力时，大脑在不知不觉地处理信息，而且这样的效果更好，” 克雷斯韦尔讲道。“即使只是花两分钟去查邮件也很有益。”但是注意他不是提倡同时处理多项任务——在用小事转移注意力之前，总要先彻底弄懂大问题的概要。同时，选和你的主要项目完全不同的事情来做。“越不同越好，”他讲道。
3. Build willpower 培养意志力
Willpower is key to efficiency -- and just like the muscles in your body, if you exercise it more frequently, you can improve it.
意志力是高效的关键——就如你身体的肌肉一样，锻炼越多，越能提升。
Florida State University psychologist Roy Baumeister found that making people perform simple willpower exercises -- like using their nondominant hand to open doors or brush their teeth -- strengthened their focus during more important tasks.
弗罗里达州立大学的心理学家罗伊·鲍迈斯特发现，让人们做简单的意志力练习——比如用不惯用的手去开门或者刷牙——能让他们在做重要任务时加强注意力。
"When you practice overriding habitual ways, you are exerting deliberate control over your actions," says Baumeister. "If you can get people to do willpower exercises like these, it will improve how well they manage their time and help them develop the willpower to make better decisions." Hone your willpower by breaking a routine like driving the same way to work or by giving up a bad habit like junk food for a week.
“当你练习战胜惯常方式时，你在特意地控制自己的行为，” 鲍迈斯特讲道。“做这些意志力练习会帮助人们提高时间管理的能力，同时锻炼他们的意志力从而做出更好的决定。”打破常规的习惯——比如每天开同样的路回家，或者坚持一星期放弃坏习惯——比如垃圾食品，能帮助你培养意志力。
Willpower gets depleted when you use it too much -- which is why judges and surgeons, who make decisions all day, begin to make generic or underinformed ones later on. Avoid making major decisions after a series of hard choices. When possible, make the toughest decisions when your willpower is strongest -- in the morning for most, says Baumeister. You can identify this time by experience, he says. Are you more likely to forgo a workout in the morning or afternoon? Do you get more done at work when you first get in or before you leave?
意志力，用太多就少了——这就是为何整日做决定的法官和外科医生，时间久了会开始做泛泛的、信息不足的决定。避免在一系列艰难的抉择之后做任何重大决定。可能的话，在意志力最强的时候做最艰难的决定——对大多数人而言是早晨，鲍迈斯特讲道。你可以通过练习找出这个时间，他说。你更可能在早晨还是下午取消健身计划?你会在刚到公司时还是下班离开前做更多的工作?
4. Develop Google discipline 限制网上搜索
Gorging on all the data available today has made us a nation of distracted thinkers. How many times have you searched for an answer online only to find yourself wandering through a hyperlink forest, gobbling up factoids, switching from LinkedIn to Facebook to email?
现今，吞食所有可用信息让我们的国家充斥着注意力涣散的思考者。有多少次，你在网上搜寻答案，最终却发现自己被淹没在超链接的森林里，风卷残云般略过各种说法，从“领英网”调到“脸谱网”，再跳去邮箱?
Research shows when people look for an answer on the Web, they visit too many sites when only one or two would do. Limit your searching to what you need for a project. Whenever possible, turn off all other technology, like email and your phone, when completing a project on your computer.
研究显示， 在网上搜寻答案时，事实上只有一两个网站就可以提供解答，而人们往往会去浏览很多网站。在项目工作中，限制自己的搜寻在需要范围内。用电脑做项目时，可能的时候，关掉诸如邮箱和电话的其他所有高科技。
